Wind Run Changes: The Dominant Factor Affecting Pan Evaporation Trends in Australia

Changes in Australian Pan Evaporation from 1970 to 2002

Contrary to expectations, measurements of pan evaporation show decreases in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere over the last 50 years. When combined with rainfall measurements, these data show that much of the Northern Hemisphere’s terrestrial surface has become less arid over the last 50 years. However, whether the decrease in pan evaporation is a phenomenon limited to the Northern Hemisphe...

Long-run Trends in School Productivity: Evidence from Australia

Outside the United States, very little is known about long-run trends in school productivity. We present new evidence using two data series from Australia, where comparable tests are available back to the 1960s. For young teenagers (aged 13–14), we find a small but statistically significant fall in numeracy over the period 1964–2003 and in both literacy and numeracy over the period 1975–98. The...

Pan evaporation: An example of the detection and attribution of trends in climate variables

Derivation of regression models for pan evaporation estimation

Evaporation is an essential component of hydrological cycle. Several meteorologicalfactors play role in the amount of pan evaporation. These factors are often related to eachother. In this study, a multiple linear regression (MLR) in conjunction with PrincipalComponent Analysis (PCA) was used for modeling of pan evaporation. After thestandardization of the variables, independent components were...

Daily Pan Evaporation Estimation Using Artificial Neural Network-based Models

Accurate estimation of evaporation is important for design, planning and operation of water systems. In arid zones where water resources are scarce, the estimation of this loss becomes more interesting in the planning and management of irrigation practices. This paper investigates the ability of artificial neural networks (ANNs) technique to improve the accuracy of daily evaporation estimation....